xdash API Reference / Invalidator
Class: Invalidator
Defined in: src/cache.ts:8
A class that emits an event when invalidated
Extends
EventEmitter
Constructors
Constructor
new Invalidator(
options?):Invalidator
Defined in: node_modules/@types/node/events.d.ts:127
Parameters
options?
EventEmitterOptions
Returns
Inherited from
EventEmitter.constructor
Properties
captureRejections
staticcaptureRejections:boolean
Defined in: node_modules/@types/node/events.d.ts:426
Value: boolean
Change the default captureRejections option on all new EventEmitter objects.
Since
v13.4.0, v12.16.0
Inherited from
EventEmitter.captureRejections
captureRejectionSymbol
readonlystaticcaptureRejectionSymbol: typeofcaptureRejectionSymbol
Defined in: node_modules/@types/node/events.d.ts:419
Value: Symbol.for('nodejs.rejection')
See how to write a custom rejection handler.
Since
v13.4.0, v12.16.0
Inherited from
EventEmitter.captureRejectionSymbol
defaultMaxListeners
staticdefaultMaxListeners:number
Defined in: node_modules/@types/node/events.d.ts:463
By default, a maximum of 10 listeners can be registered for any single event. This limit can be changed for individual EventEmitter instances using the emitter.setMaxListeners(n) method. To change the default for allEventEmitter instances, the events.defaultMaxListenersproperty can be used. If this value is not a positive number, a RangeErroris thrown.
Take caution when setting the events.defaultMaxListeners because the change affects allEventEmitter instances, including those created before the change is made. However, calling emitter.setMaxListeners(n) still has precedence over events.defaultMaxListeners.
This is not a hard limit. The EventEmitter instance will allow more listeners to be added but will output a trace warning to stderr indicating that a "possible EventEmitter memory leak" has been detected. For any singleEventEmitter, the emitter.getMaxListeners() and emitter.setMaxListeners()methods can be used to temporarily avoid this warning:
import { EventEmitter } from 'node:events';
const emitter = new EventEmitter();
emitter.setMaxListeners(emitter.getMaxListeners() + 1);
emitter.once('event', () => {
// do stuff
emitter.setMaxListeners(Math.max(emitter.getMaxListeners() - 1, 0));
});The --trace-warnings command-line flag can be used to display the stack trace for such warnings.
The emitted warning can be inspected with process.on('warning') and will have the additional emitter, type, and count properties, referring to the event emitter instance, the event's name and the number of attached listeners, respectively. Its name property is set to 'MaxListenersExceededWarning'.
Since
v0.11.2
Inherited from
EventEmitter.defaultMaxListeners
errorMonitor
readonlystaticerrorMonitor: typeoferrorMonitor
Defined in: node_modules/@types/node/events.d.ts:412
This symbol shall be used to install a listener for only monitoring 'error'events. Listeners installed using this symbol are called before the regular'error' listeners are called.
Installing a listener using this symbol does not change the behavior once an'error' event is emitted. Therefore, the process will still crash if no regular 'error' listener is installed.
Since
v13.6.0, v12.17.0
Inherited from
EventEmitter.errorMonitor
Methods
[captureRejectionSymbol]()?
optional[captureRejectionSymbol]<K>(error,event, ...args):void
Defined in: node_modules/@types/node/events.d.ts:129
Type Parameters
K
K
Parameters
error
Error
event
string | symbol
args
...AnyRest
Returns
void
Inherited from
EventEmitter.[captureRejectionSymbol]
addListener()
addListener<
K>(eventName,listener):this
Defined in: node_modules/@types/node/events.d.ts:562
Alias for emitter.on(eventName, listener).
Type Parameters
K
K
Parameters
eventName
string | symbol
listener
(...args) => void
Returns
this
Since
v0.1.26
Inherited from
EventEmitter.addListener
emit()
emit<
K>(eventName, ...args):boolean
Defined in: node_modules/@types/node/events.d.ts:824
Synchronously calls each of the listeners registered for the event namedeventName, in the order they were registered, passing the supplied arguments to each.
Returns true if the event had listeners, false otherwise.
import { EventEmitter } from 'node:events';
const myEmitter = new EventEmitter();
// First listener
myEmitter.on('event', function firstListener() {
console.log('Helloooo! first listener');
});
// Second listener
myEmitter.on('event', function secondListener(arg1, arg2) {
console.log(`event with parameters ${arg1}, ${arg2} in second listener`);
});
// Third listener
myEmitter.on('event', function thirdListener(...args) {
const parameters = args.join(', ');
console.log(`event with parameters ${parameters} in third listener`);
});
console.log(myEmitter.listeners('event'));
myEmitter.emit('event', 1, 2, 3, 4, 5);
// Prints:
// [
// [Function: firstListener],
// [Function: secondListener],
// [Function: thirdListener]
// ]
// Helloooo! first listener
// event with parameters 1, 2 in second listener
// event with parameters 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 in third listenerType Parameters
K
K
Parameters
eventName
string | symbol
args
...AnyRest
Returns
boolean
Since
v0.1.26
Inherited from
EventEmitter.emit
eventNames()
eventNames(): (
string|symbol)[]
Defined in: node_modules/@types/node/events.d.ts:887
Returns an array listing the events for which the emitter has registered listeners. The values in the array are strings or Symbols.
import { EventEmitter } from 'node:events';
const myEE = new EventEmitter();
myEE.on('foo', () => {});
myEE.on('bar', () => {});
const sym = Symbol('symbol');
myEE.on(sym, () => {});
console.log(myEE.eventNames());
// Prints: [ 'foo', 'bar', Symbol(symbol) ]Returns
(string | symbol)[]
Since
v6.0.0
Inherited from
EventEmitter.eventNames
getMaxListeners()
getMaxListeners():
number
Defined in: node_modules/@types/node/events.d.ts:739
Returns the current max listener value for the EventEmitter which is either set by emitter.setMaxListeners(n) or defaults to defaultMaxListeners.
Returns
number
Since
v1.0.0
Inherited from
EventEmitter.getMaxListeners
invalidate()
invalidate():
void
Defined in: src/cache.ts:9
Returns
void
listenerCount()
listenerCount<
K>(eventName,listener?):number
Defined in: node_modules/@types/node/events.d.ts:833
Returns the number of listeners listening for the event named eventName. If listener is provided, it will return how many times the listener is found in the list of the listeners of the event.
Type Parameters
K
K
Parameters
eventName
The name of the event being listened for
string | symbol
listener?
Function
The event handler function
Returns
number
Since
v3.2.0
Inherited from
EventEmitter.listenerCount
listeners()
listeners<
K>(eventName):Function[]
Defined in: node_modules/@types/node/events.d.ts:752
Returns a copy of the array of listeners for the event named eventName.
server.on('connection', (stream) => {
console.log('someone connected!');
});
console.log(util.inspect(server.listeners('connection')));
// Prints: [ [Function] ]Type Parameters
K
K
Parameters
eventName
string | symbol
Returns
Function[]
Since
v0.1.26
Inherited from
EventEmitter.listeners
off()
off<
K>(eventName,listener):this
Defined in: node_modules/@types/node/events.d.ts:712
Alias for emitter.removeListener().
Type Parameters
K
K
Parameters
eventName
string | symbol
listener
(...args) => void
Returns
this
Since
v10.0.0
Inherited from
EventEmitter.off
on()
on<
K>(eventName,listener):this
Defined in: node_modules/@types/node/events.d.ts:594
Adds the listener function to the end of the listeners array for the event named eventName. No checks are made to see if the listener has already been added. Multiple calls passing the same combination of eventNameand listener will result in the listener being added, and called, multiple times.
server.on('connection', (stream) => {
console.log('someone connected!');
});Returns a reference to the EventEmitter, so that calls can be chained.
By default, event listeners are invoked in the order they are added. Theemitter.prependListener() method can be used as an alternative to add the event listener to the beginning of the listeners array.
import { EventEmitter } from 'node:events';
const myEE = new EventEmitter();
myEE.on('foo', () => console.log('a'));
myEE.prependListener('foo', () => console.log('b'));
myEE.emit('foo');
// Prints:
// b
// aType Parameters
K
K
Parameters
eventName
The name of the event.
string | symbol
listener
(...args) => void
The callback function
Returns
this
Since
v0.1.101
Inherited from
EventEmitter.on
once()
once<
K>(eventName,listener):this
Defined in: node_modules/@types/node/events.d.ts:624
Adds a one-timelistener function for the event named eventName. The next time eventName is triggered, this listener is removed and then invoked.
server.once('connection', (stream) => {
console.log('Ah, we have our first user!');
});Returns a reference to the EventEmitter, so that calls can be chained.
By default, event listeners are invoked in the order they are added. Theemitter.prependOnceListener() method can be used as an alternative to add the event listener to the beginning of the listeners array.
import { EventEmitter } from 'node:events';
const myEE = new EventEmitter();
myEE.once('foo', () => console.log('a'));
myEE.prependOnceListener('foo', () => console.log('b'));
myEE.emit('foo');
// Prints:
// b
// aType Parameters
K
K
Parameters
eventName
The name of the event.
string | symbol
listener
(...args) => void
The callback function
Returns
this
Since
v0.3.0
Inherited from
EventEmitter.once
prependListener()
prependListener<
K>(eventName,listener):this
Defined in: node_modules/@types/node/events.d.ts:851
Adds the listener function to the beginning of the listeners array for the event named eventName. No checks are made to see if the listener has already been added. Multiple calls passing the same combination of eventNameand listener will result in the listener being added, and called, multiple times.
server.prependListener('connection', (stream) => {
console.log('someone connected!');
});Returns a reference to the EventEmitter, so that calls can be chained.
Type Parameters
K
K
Parameters
eventName
The name of the event.
string | symbol
listener
(...args) => void
The callback function
Returns
this
Since
v6.0.0
Inherited from
EventEmitter.prependListener
prependOnceListener()
prependOnceListener<
K>(eventName,listener):this
Defined in: node_modules/@types/node/events.d.ts:867
Adds a one-timelistener function for the event named eventName to the beginning of the listeners array. The next time eventName is triggered, this listener is removed, and then invoked.
server.prependOnceListener('connection', (stream) => {
console.log('Ah, we have our first user!');
});Returns a reference to the EventEmitter, so that calls can be chained.
Type Parameters
K
K
Parameters
eventName
The name of the event.
string | symbol
listener
(...args) => void
The callback function
Returns
this
Since
v6.0.0
Inherited from
EventEmitter.prependOnceListener
rawListeners()
rawListeners<
K>(eventName):Function[]
Defined in: node_modules/@types/node/events.d.ts:783
Returns a copy of the array of listeners for the event named eventName, including any wrappers (such as those created by .once()).
import { EventEmitter } from 'node:events';
const emitter = new EventEmitter();
emitter.once('log', () => console.log('log once'));
// Returns a new Array with a function `onceWrapper` which has a property
// `listener` which contains the original listener bound above
const listeners = emitter.rawListeners('log');
const logFnWrapper = listeners[0];
// Logs "log once" to the console and does not unbind the `once` event
logFnWrapper.listener();
// Logs "log once" to the console and removes the listener
logFnWrapper();
emitter.on('log', () => console.log('log persistently'));
// Will return a new Array with a single function bound by `.on()` above
const newListeners = emitter.rawListeners('log');
// Logs "log persistently" twice
newListeners[0]();
emitter.emit('log');Type Parameters
K
K
Parameters
eventName
string | symbol
Returns
Function[]
Since
v9.4.0
Inherited from
EventEmitter.rawListeners
removeAllListeners()
removeAllListeners(
event?):this
Defined in: node_modules/@types/node/events.d.ts:723
Removes all listeners, or those of the specified eventName.
It is bad practice to remove listeners added elsewhere in the code, particularly when the EventEmitter instance was created by some other component or module (e.g. sockets or file streams).
Returns a reference to the EventEmitter, so that calls can be chained.
Parameters
event?
string | symbol
Returns
this
Since
v0.1.26
Inherited from
EventEmitter.removeAllListeners
removeListener()
removeListener<
K>(eventName,listener):this
Defined in: node_modules/@types/node/events.d.ts:707
Removes the specified listener from the listener array for the event namedeventName.
const callback = (stream) => {
console.log('someone connected!');
};
server.on('connection', callback);
// ...
server.removeListener('connection', callback);removeListener() will remove, at most, one instance of a listener from the listener array. If any single listener has been added multiple times to the listener array for the specified eventName, then removeListener() must be called multiple times to remove each instance.
Once an event is emitted, all listeners attached to it at the time of emitting are called in order. This implies that anyremoveListener() or removeAllListeners() calls after emitting and before the last listener finishes execution will not remove them fromemit() in progress. Subsequent events behave as expected.
import { EventEmitter } from 'node:events';
class MyEmitter extends EventEmitter {}
const myEmitter = new MyEmitter();
const callbackA = () => {
console.log('A');
myEmitter.removeListener('event', callbackB);
};
const callbackB = () => {
console.log('B');
};
myEmitter.on('event', callbackA);
myEmitter.on('event', callbackB);
// callbackA removes listener callbackB but it will still be called.
// Internal listener array at time of emit [callbackA, callbackB]
myEmitter.emit('event');
// Prints:
// A
// B
// callbackB is now removed.
// Internal listener array [callbackA]
myEmitter.emit('event');
// Prints:
// ABecause listeners are managed using an internal array, calling this will change the position indices of any listener registered after the listener being removed. This will not impact the order in which listeners are called, but it means that any copies of the listener array as returned by the emitter.listeners() method will need to be recreated.
When a single function has been added as a handler multiple times for a single event (as in the example below), removeListener() will remove the most recently added instance. In the example the once('ping')listener is removed:
import { EventEmitter } from 'node:events';
const ee = new EventEmitter();
function pong() {
console.log('pong');
}
ee.on('ping', pong);
ee.once('ping', pong);
ee.removeListener('ping', pong);
ee.emit('ping');
ee.emit('ping');Returns a reference to the EventEmitter, so that calls can be chained.
Type Parameters
K
K
Parameters
eventName
string | symbol
listener
(...args) => void
Returns
this
Since
v0.1.26
Inherited from
EventEmitter.removeListener
setMaxListeners()
setMaxListeners(
n):this
Defined in: node_modules/@types/node/events.d.ts:733
By default EventEmitters will print a warning if more than 10 listeners are added for a particular event. This is a useful default that helps finding memory leaks. The emitter.setMaxListeners() method allows the limit to be modified for this specific EventEmitter instance. The value can be set toInfinity (or 0) to indicate an unlimited number of listeners.
Returns a reference to the EventEmitter, so that calls can be chained.
Parameters
n
number
Returns
this
Since
v0.3.5
Inherited from
EventEmitter.setMaxListeners
addAbortListener()
staticaddAbortListener(signal,resource):Disposable
Defined in: node_modules/@types/node/events.d.ts:404
Experimental
Listens once to the abort event on the provided signal.
Listening to the abort event on abort signals is unsafe and may lead to resource leaks since another third party with the signal can call e.stopImmediatePropagation(). Unfortunately Node.js cannot change this since it would violate the web standard. Additionally, the original API makes it easy to forget to remove listeners.
This API allows safely using AbortSignals in Node.js APIs by solving these two issues by listening to the event such that stopImmediatePropagation does not prevent the listener from running.
Returns a disposable so that it may be unsubscribed from more easily.
import { addAbortListener } from 'node:events';
function example(signal) {
let disposable;
try {
signal.addEventListener('abort', (e) => e.stopImmediatePropagation());
disposable = addAbortListener(signal, (e) => {
// Do something when signal is aborted.
});
} finally {
disposable?.[Symbol.dispose]();
}
}Parameters
signal
AbortSignal
resource
(event) => void
Returns
Disposable
Disposable that removes the abort listener.
Since
v20.5.0
Inherited from
EventEmitter.addAbortListener
getEventListeners()
staticgetEventListeners(emitter,name):Function[]
Defined in: node_modules/@types/node/events.d.ts:325
Returns a copy of the array of listeners for the event named eventName.
For EventEmitters this behaves exactly the same as calling .listeners on the emitter.
For EventTargets this is the only way to get the event listeners for the event target. This is useful for debugging and diagnostic purposes.
import { getEventListeners, EventEmitter } from 'node:events';
{
const ee = new EventEmitter();
const listener = () => console.log('Events are fun');
ee.on('foo', listener);
console.log(getEventListeners(ee, 'foo')); // [ [Function: listener] ]
}
{
const et = new EventTarget();
const listener = () => console.log('Events are fun');
et.addEventListener('foo', listener);
console.log(getEventListeners(et, 'foo')); // [ [Function: listener] ]
}Parameters
emitter
EventEmitter<DefaultEventMap> | _DOMEventTarget
name
string | symbol
Returns
Function[]
Since
v15.2.0, v14.17.0
Inherited from
EventEmitter.getEventListeners
getMaxListeners()
staticgetMaxListeners(emitter):number
Defined in: node_modules/@types/node/events.d.ts:354
Returns the currently set max amount of listeners.
For EventEmitters this behaves exactly the same as calling .getMaxListeners on the emitter.
For EventTargets this is the only way to get the max event listeners for the event target. If the number of event handlers on a single EventTarget exceeds the max set, the EventTarget will print a warning.
import { getMaxListeners, setMaxListeners, EventEmitter } from 'node:events';
{
const ee = new EventEmitter();
console.log(getMaxListeners(ee)); // 10
setMaxListeners(11, ee);
console.log(getMaxListeners(ee)); // 11
}
{
const et = new EventTarget();
console.log(getMaxListeners(et)); // 10
setMaxListeners(11, et);
console.log(getMaxListeners(et)); // 11
}Parameters
emitter
EventEmitter<DefaultEventMap> | _DOMEventTarget
Returns
number
Since
v19.9.0
Inherited from
EventEmitter.getMaxListeners
listenerCount()
staticlistenerCount(emitter,eventName):number
Defined in: node_modules/@types/node/events.d.ts:297
A class method that returns the number of listeners for the given eventNameregistered on the given emitter.
import { EventEmitter, listenerCount } from 'node:events';
const myEmitter = new EventEmitter();
myEmitter.on('event', () => {});
myEmitter.on('event', () => {});
console.log(listenerCount(myEmitter, 'event'));
// Prints: 2Parameters
emitter
EventEmitter
The emitter to query
eventName
The event name
string | symbol
Returns
number
Since
v0.9.12
Deprecated
Since v3.2.0 - Use listenerCount instead.
Inherited from
EventEmitter.listenerCount
on()
staticon(emitter,eventName,options?):AsyncIterableIterator<any>
Defined in: node_modules/@types/node/events.d.ts:275
import { on, EventEmitter } from 'node:events';
import process from 'node:process';
const ee = new EventEmitter();
// Emit later on
process.nextTick(() => {
ee.emit('foo', 'bar');
ee.emit('foo', 42);
});
for await (const event of on(ee, 'foo')) {
// The execution of this inner block is synchronous and it
// processes one event at a time (even with await). Do not use
// if concurrent execution is required.
console.log(event); // prints ['bar'] [42]
}
// Unreachable hereReturns an AsyncIterator that iterates eventName events. It will throw if the EventEmitter emits 'error'. It removes all listeners when exiting the loop. The value returned by each iteration is an array composed of the emitted event arguments.
An AbortSignal can be used to cancel waiting on events:
import { on, EventEmitter } from 'node:events';
import process from 'node:process';
const ac = new AbortController();
(async () => {
const ee = new EventEmitter();
// Emit later on
process.nextTick(() => {
ee.emit('foo', 'bar');
ee.emit('foo', 42);
});
for await (const event of on(ee, 'foo', { signal: ac.signal })) {
// The execution of this inner block is synchronous and it
// processes one event at a time (even with await). Do not use
// if concurrent execution is required.
console.log(event); // prints ['bar'] [42]
}
// Unreachable here
})();
process.nextTick(() => ac.abort());Parameters
emitter
EventEmitter
eventName
string
The name of the event being listened for
options?
StaticEventEmitterOptions
Returns
AsyncIterableIterator<any>
that iterates eventName events emitted by the emitter
Since
v13.6.0, v12.16.0
Inherited from
EventEmitter.on
once()
Call Signature
staticonce(emitter,eventName,options?):Promise<any[]>
Defined in: node_modules/@types/node/events.d.ts:210
Creates a Promise that is fulfilled when the EventEmitter emits the given event or that is rejected if the EventEmitter emits 'error' while waiting. The Promise will resolve with an array of all the arguments emitted to the given event.
This method is intentionally generic and works with the web platform EventTarget interface, which has no special'error' event semantics and does not listen to the 'error' event.
import { once, EventEmitter } from 'node:events';
import process from 'node:process';
const ee = new EventEmitter();
process.nextTick(() => {
ee.emit('myevent', 42);
});
const [value] = await once(ee, 'myevent');
console.log(value);
const err = new Error('kaboom');
process.nextTick(() => {
ee.emit('error', err);
});
try {
await once(ee, 'myevent');
} catch (err) {
console.error('error happened', err);
}The special handling of the 'error' event is only used when events.once()is used to wait for another event. If events.once() is used to wait for the 'error' event itself, then it is treated as any other kind of event without special handling:
import { EventEmitter, once } from 'node:events';
const ee = new EventEmitter();
once(ee, 'error')
.then(([err]) => console.log('ok', err.message))
.catch((err) => console.error('error', err.message));
ee.emit('error', new Error('boom'));
// Prints: ok boomAn AbortSignal can be used to cancel waiting for the event:
import { EventEmitter, once } from 'node:events';
const ee = new EventEmitter();
const ac = new AbortController();
async function foo(emitter, event, signal) {
try {
await once(emitter, event, { signal });
console.log('event emitted!');
} catch (error) {
if (error.name === 'AbortError') {
console.error('Waiting for the event was canceled!');
} else {
console.error('There was an error', error.message);
}
}
}
foo(ee, 'foo', ac.signal);
ac.abort(); // Abort waiting for the event
ee.emit('foo'); // Prints: Waiting for the event was canceled!Parameters
emitter
_NodeEventTarget
eventName
string | symbol
options?
StaticEventEmitterOptions
Returns
Promise<any[]>
Since
v11.13.0, v10.16.0
Inherited from
EventEmitter.once
Call Signature
staticonce(emitter,eventName,options?):Promise<any[]>
Defined in: node_modules/@types/node/events.d.ts:215
Creates a Promise that is fulfilled when the EventEmitter emits the given event or that is rejected if the EventEmitter emits 'error' while waiting. The Promise will resolve with an array of all the arguments emitted to the given event.
This method is intentionally generic and works with the web platform EventTarget interface, which has no special'error' event semantics and does not listen to the 'error' event.
import { once, EventEmitter } from 'node:events';
import process from 'node:process';
const ee = new EventEmitter();
process.nextTick(() => {
ee.emit('myevent', 42);
});
const [value] = await once(ee, 'myevent');
console.log(value);
const err = new Error('kaboom');
process.nextTick(() => {
ee.emit('error', err);
});
try {
await once(ee, 'myevent');
} catch (err) {
console.error('error happened', err);
}The special handling of the 'error' event is only used when events.once()is used to wait for another event. If events.once() is used to wait for the 'error' event itself, then it is treated as any other kind of event without special handling:
import { EventEmitter, once } from 'node:events';
const ee = new EventEmitter();
once(ee, 'error')
.then(([err]) => console.log('ok', err.message))
.catch((err) => console.error('error', err.message));
ee.emit('error', new Error('boom'));
// Prints: ok boomAn AbortSignal can be used to cancel waiting for the event:
import { EventEmitter, once } from 'node:events';
const ee = new EventEmitter();
const ac = new AbortController();
async function foo(emitter, event, signal) {
try {
await once(emitter, event, { signal });
console.log('event emitted!');
} catch (error) {
if (error.name === 'AbortError') {
console.error('Waiting for the event was canceled!');
} else {
console.error('There was an error', error.message);
}
}
}
foo(ee, 'foo', ac.signal);
ac.abort(); // Abort waiting for the event
ee.emit('foo'); // Prints: Waiting for the event was canceled!Parameters
emitter
_DOMEventTarget
eventName
string
options?
StaticEventEmitterOptions
Returns
Promise<any[]>
Since
v11.13.0, v10.16.0
Inherited from
EventEmitter.once
setMaxListeners()
staticsetMaxListeners(n?, ...eventTargets?):void
Defined in: node_modules/@types/node/events.d.ts:369
import { setMaxListeners, EventEmitter } from 'node:events';
const target = new EventTarget();
const emitter = new EventEmitter();
setMaxListeners(5, target, emitter);Parameters
n?
number
A non-negative number. The maximum number of listeners per EventTarget event.
eventTargets?
...(EventEmitter<DefaultEventMap> | _DOMEventTarget)[]
Returns
void
Since
v15.4.0
Inherited from
EventEmitter.setMaxListeners